After W.W. II, the U.S.A. had been involved in a race for space with the U.S.S.R., to gain ultimate superpower status. Both countries continued their work and research, and were able to execute a manned space flight by the 1960's. Around this time they had started using cameras for recording. At first, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) used primarily 70mm-format films. They found, however, that they needed a more portable camera for more active shooting situations. Nikon, whose cameras had a reputation for reliability in the U.S. market, was selected as a special manufacturer of 35mm cameras for NASA.